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Journal of Management Inquiry
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Using Knowledge in Management Studies

An Investigation of How We Cite Prior Work

Karen Golden-Biddle

University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Karen Locke

College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia

Trish Reay

University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

We know little about the impact of prior scholarly work. Focusing on citation frequency, studies have overlooked the question of how prior work is used. The authors argue for the development of a richer empirical foundation on which to base discussions of impact; its creation requires a situated and relational methodological approach incorporating an assumption of citation heterogeneity and comparative analyses of citation content in context with that of the referenced focal article. Conceiving focal articles as architectures of knowledge claims, the authors examine how knowledge from three award-winning articles is subsequently used during a 6-year period in 489 citations. Analyses generate a typology of prior knowledge use in citing and also disclose differences in prior knowledge use in each focal article. This situated and relational examination provides a more nuanced understanding of how prior work shapes ongoing knowledge development.

Key Words: knowledge use • scholarly impact • relational analyses • citation studies

Journal of Management Inquiry, Vol. 15, No. 3, 237-254 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/1056492606291199
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